美国德克萨斯代写Assignment:探讨精神独立

2018-12-05 16:03

本文将根据约翰·洛克(John Locke)和乔治·伯克利(George Berkeley)的观点，探讨精神独立客体是否存在的问题。约翰·洛克(John Locke)认为物体确实独立于我们的思维而存在，但这并非没有警告。另一方面，乔治·伯克利(George Berkeley)认为，除了我们头脑中的想法或知觉，没有任何物质实体存在。因此没有独立于意识的物体。威尔认为，约翰·洛克的推理实际上比伯克利的更有力，因此，存在精神独立客体的理由碰巧也更有力。洛克支持的论点是，我们可以确定，我们对它们存在的认识是有限的，因为我们从感官中获得的观念。我将首先详述洛克的推理是如何支持这一论点的。其次，我将探讨柏克莱的主张，他否认任何形式的物质实体，美国德克萨斯代写Assignment:探讨精神独立因此精神独立的物体不独立存在。我认为伯克利的主张失败是因为他在拒绝洛克的论点时提出的不足。伯克利依靠对超自然力量(如上帝)的呼吁，来反驳他不可避免地将自己与外部人类身体中其他头脑的存在联系在一起的普遍命题，以及他认为外部物体只作为思想存在于头脑中的论点。洛克对这个问题采取了一种务实的方法，因为他在日常生活中使用感官来评估知识的确定性程度。重要的是，洛克接受了人类知识的局限性这就定义了探究问题"外部对象存在何种程度的确定性".
美国德克萨斯代写Assignment:探讨精神独立
This essay will investigate the question of whether mind independent objects exist according to John Locke and George Berkeley. John Locke reasons that objects do exist independently of our mind but this is not without some caveat. George Berkeley on the other hand argues that no material substances exist other than ideas or perceptions in our minds. Hence there are no mind independent objects.will argue that John Locke’s reasoning is actually stronger than Berkeley’s and therefore the case for mind independent objects existing is coincidentally stronger as well. Locke’s argument in support is that we can be sure of the limits of our knowledge of their existence because of the ideas we obtain from our senses. I will firstly detail how Locke’s reasoning supports this contention. Secondly I will explore Berkeley’s claim which denies that any form of material substance and hence mind independent objects do not exist independently. I will argue that Berkeley’s claim fails because of inadequacies raised during his rejection of Locke’s argument. Berkeley relies on an appeal to the supernatural (e.g. God) to counter the universal proposition that he inevitably draws himself into with the existence of other minds in external human bodies and in his contention that external objects only exist as ideas in the mind.Locke adopts a pragmatic approach to this inquiry because he uses the senses in a practical everyday way to assess the degree of certainty of knowledge. Importantly, Locke accepts the limitations of human knowledge which then defines the inquiry question of ‘what level of certainty there is for the existence of external objects’

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