普渡Assignment代写:OVP的概念

2018-03-09 17:56

OVP的概念对于Roger的理论框架的中心主题非常重要。罗杰的理解很重要的是他(1957)关于一个完全正常运转的人的术语——当自我实现是组织一致的时候发生的一种自主心理功能的理想。这一概念类似于Maslow(1970)，并假定个人必须首先满足他们最基本的需求。在他后来的著作中，Rogers(1963年和1964年)提出，更充分发挥作用的个体的态度和行为与某些内部生成的价值取向是一致的。价值方向包括朝着越来越社会化的目标,在对别人和接受别人的积极价值和深刻的关系是积极的价值,和移动的方向更大的开放经验,人就值一个开放给所有他或她的内在和外在经验。罗杰承认条件或社会环境因素并不总是适合的出现一个完全功能的人。这样的情况导致了一种不一致的状态。有一种紧张和内部混乱的状态。当一个不利的社会环境出现时，实现的倾向就会受挫，罗杰斯(1959)。实现的倾向是受价值条件的影响。价值条件被概念化为个体从他或她的社会交往中所表现出来的价值观，这源于发展中的婴儿在他或她的社会环境中对重要他人的积极关怀的需要。在这方面，如果婴儿接受有条件的积极评价，那么他或她就会根据他们是否满足外部强加的条件来学习评价经验。当孩子成长的时候，价值的条件是内向的，这意味着他们作为一种内化的社会秩序，并以个人的态度和行为的原则来取代有机体的价值。
普渡Assignment代写:OVP的概念
The concept of OVP is important to the central theme of Roger's theoretical framework. Important to Roger's understanding is his (1957) terminology of a fully functioning person - an ideal of autonomous psychological functioning that occurs when self-actualization is organismically congruent. This concept is similar to Maslow (1970) and presupposes that individuals must firstly satisfy their most fundamental needs. In his later works, Rogers (1963 and 1964) proposed that the attitudes and behaviours of more fully functioning individuals are consistent with certain internally generated value directions. The value directions include moving toward increasingly socialized goals, where sensitivity to others and acceptance of others is positively valued and where deep relationships are positively valued, and moving in the direction of greater openness to experience, where the person comes to value an openness to all of his or her inner and outer experience .Rogers acknowledged that conditions or the social-environmental factors are not always ideal for the emergence of a fully functioning person. Situations like this give rise to a state of incongruence. There is a state of tension and internal confusion. When an unfavourable social environment is present, the actualizing tendency is thwarted, Rogers (1959). The actualizing tendency is compromised by the conditions of worth. Conditions of worth are conceptualized as the values that are introjected by the individual from his or her social interactions and that stem from the developing infant's need for positive regard from significant others in his or her social environment. In this respect, if an infant receives positive regard that is conditional, then he or she learns to evaluate experiences according to whether or not they satisfy the externally imposed conditions. As the child develops, the conditions of worth are introjected, meaning that they act as an internalized social order and replacing organismic valuing as the principle governing the individual's attitudes and behaviour.