美国纽约作业代写 胰高血糖素

2020-02-09 03:54

胰岛素和胰高血糖素在调节血糖中起着关键作用。在大多数组织中，血糖水平通常会在饭后升高。胰岛素通过启动多种信号通路来调节餐后葡萄糖的含量。第一种途径是细胞消耗更多的葡萄糖。第二种途径涉及糖酵解途径的激活，最后一种途径涉及过量的糖转化为脂肪(Roder, Wu, Liu， & Han, 2016)。另一方面，当血糖水平下降时，就会释放胰高血糖素。胰高血糖素启动糖异生途径，被认为是逆向糖酵解和储备糖以糖原形式分解为葡萄糖。一种激素的作用会抑制另一种激素的作用。血糖通过许多血管输送。根据不同血管的作用，血糖水平在不同血管之间变化是很常见的。尽管如此，胰岛素和胰高血糖素激素的作用，确保血糖的自我平衡作用始终保持。两种激素对血糖水平的调节稍有偏差，很容易使个体发生各种疾病(Fu, Gilbert， & Liu, 2013)。因此，任何时候从健康人身上采集的血液样本都可能有一些微小的变化。运送血糖的血管有肠系膜动脉、肝静脉和肝门静脉。肠系膜动脉通常将血液从主动脉输送到胃肠道。肝静脉将缺氧血从肝内输送到下腔静脉，而肝门静脉则将来自胃肠道的血液以及胆囊、胰腺等其他部位的血液输送到肝脏。我们进行了一项实验，目的是检测肠系膜动脉、肝门部的葡萄糖相对浓度。
美国纽约作业代写 胰高血糖素
 Insulin and Glucagon hormones play a critical role in regulating the amount of blood glucose. In most tissues, blood glucose levels are normally expected to rise after a meal. Insulin regulates the amount of glucose after a meal by initiating several signaling pathways. The first pathway involves the consumption of more glucose by the cells. The second pathway involves the activation of the glycolytic pathway and the last one involves the conversion of excess sugar into fats (Röder, Wu, Liu, & Han, 2016). On the other hand, Glucagon hormone is released when the blood sugar levels fall. Glucagon initiates the Gluconeogenesis pathway which is considered as reverse glycolysis and the breakdown of reserve sugar in form of glycogen to glucose. The action of one hormone inhibits the action of the other. Blood glucose is transported through a number of vessels. It is common for blood glucose levels to vary across different blood vessels based on the role of the vessel. Nonetheless, the action of the Insulin and Glucagon hormones, ensures that the homeostatic role of blood glucose is maintained at all times. Slight deviations in the regulation of blood glucose levels by the two hormones could easily predispose an individual to various disease conditions (Fu, Gilbert, & Liu, 2013). Thus, blood samples taken from healthy individuals at any given times are expected to have some little variation.  Three vessels that transport blood glucose include the mesenteric arteries, hepatic vein and the hepatic portal vein. Mesenteric arteries normally take blood from the aorta and redistribute the blood primarily to the gastrointestinal parts. Hepatic vein carries deoxygenated blood from within then liver and takes the blood towards the inferior vena cava while the hepatic portal vein carries the blood from the gastrointestinal parts of the body and other parts including the gall bladder and pancreas to the liver. An experiment was carried out with the aim of examining the relative concentration of glucose across the mesenteric arteries, hepatic portal.

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