英国哲学代写作业:严厉批评

2018-12-01 23:49

就像每一个反对意见都会有回应一样，现在让我们来看看对Gaunilo严厉批评的一些回应。其中一种回答集中在“可能的最大岛屿”(或最佳岛屿)的概念上。它指出，“可能存在的最大岛屿”实际上是不存在的。我对可能存在的最大岛屿的概念几乎肯定与你对可能存在的最大岛屿的概念不同。例如，我可能更喜欢岛上有很多动物，危险的和不危险的，还有很多树。然而，你可能更喜欢在岛上只有非危险的动物和大部分开放的地区。这向我们表明，虽然主观上存在着在大的客观尺度上存在“最大可能的岛屿”的可能性，但不可能存在这种可能性。换句话说，在一个岛屿的定义中，没有任何东西可以让一个岛屿达到最大的伟大。《牛津英语词典》将岛屿定义为“一片被水包围的土地”。显然，那里没有任何东西可以让一个岛屿比其他岛屿更大。它没有提到岛屿周围的水有多深，岛上是否有居民，岛屿的大小等等。但这对上帝来说是不一样的。安塞姆把上帝描述为没有什么能比它更完美的了。上帝的概念离不开对上帝的描述。没有什么比上帝更伟大的了。这不同于“最大可能的岛屿”，因为完美的概念是一个独立的概念，它被添加到岛屿的概念中。因此，尽管Gaunilo在第一次检查时提出的反对意见是正确的，但它忽略了一点，即最大的完美不能与上帝的概念分离，而最大的完美可以与岛屿的概念分离。
英国哲学代写作业:严厉批评
As with every objection there is always a response so now let’s look at some responses to Gaunilo’s weighty criticism. One of these responses focuses on the idea of ‘the greatest possible island’ (or best island). It states that the ‘greatest possible island’ can actually not exist. My conception of the greatest possible island almost certainly differs from your conception of the greatest possible island. For example I may prefer there to be a lot of animals on the island, dangerous and non dangerous and a lot of trees. Whereas you may prefer to only have non dangerous animals and mostly open areas on the island. This shows us that although subjectively there is the possibility of the ‘greatest possible island’ on a large objective scale there can be no such thing. In other words there is nothing within the definition of an island that allows for maximum greatness within a certain island. The oxford English dictionary defines an island as ‘a piece of land surrounded by water’. Clearly there is nothing there which could allow for one island to be greater than all others. It mentions nothing of the depth of water surrounding the island, whether or not there are inhabitants of the island, the size of the island etc. This is not the same for God though. Anselm describes God as maximum perfection of which nothing can be greater. The idea of God cannot be pulled away from the description of God. God is that which nothing can be greater than. This differs from the ‘greatest possible island’ as the idea of perfection is a separate concept which has be added to the idea of an island. So it seems that although Gaunilo’s objection on first inspection is a good one it misses the point that maximum perfection cannot be separated from the concept of God whereas maximum perfection can be separated from the concept of an island.

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